Is It Compulsory To Use Shelter In Apartment Buildings?

The shelter regulation was published in the Official Gazette numbered 19910 on August 25, 1988 regarding the shelter places built in order to protect the living and non-living assets necessary for the survival of people from natural disasters and the continuation of the war power of the country.
On December 31, 2010, the Regulation on Amending the Regulation on Shelter was published in the Official Gazette No. 27802.
The provisions of the said Apartment shelter legislation are given below.
New shelter law;
REGULATION ON THE AMENDMENTS TO THE REFUGEE REGULATION

ARTICLE 1 – Subparagraph (a) of the first paragraph of Article 5 of the Shelter Regulation published in the Official Gazette dated 25/8/1988 and numbered 19910 has been changed as follows.
“a) Private shelters: If it cannot be done in the lowest basement floors or in the grounded parts of the private or public buildings and facilities or in the building, if there is no provision in the implementation zoning plan or plan, it is published in the Official Gazette dated 2/11/1985 and numbered 18916 They are fallout shelters built in order to protect against the effects of radioactive fallout, chemical and biological warfare agents, weakened pressure and heat effects of nuclear weapons and fragmentation effects of conventional weapons, provided that they are not contrary to the building approach distance determined by the Planned Areas Type Zoning Regulation.

ARTICLE 2 – The second paragraph of item (b) of the first paragraph of Article 6 of the same Regulation has been changed as follows. “Sprinkle shelters are built primarily in the lowest basement floors or in the grounded parts of private or public buildings and facilities or inside the building. If it is not possible, the implementation is done in the gardens, above ground or completely or partially underground, depending on the structure of the soil, provided that it is not contrary to the building approach distance determined by the Planned Areas Type Zoning Regulation. However, on the condition that it is completely under the ground, shelters can be built within the approach distances of the side and backyard building except the road fronts of the parcel, provided that it does not affect the buildings in the adjacent parcel in any way. “

ARTICLE 3 – Article 7 of the same Regulation has been changed as follows.
“ARTICLE 7 – Fallout shelters are made in all kinds of facilities and buildings, with the exceptions specified in this article.
In the approved building license annex architectural Project.
a) Residential buildings with 12 or less independent sections,
b) Non-residential buildings with an area of less than 1500 m2 subject to the equivalent calculation,
c) The number of residential-use independent sections is 12 or less, and the residential buildings with less than 1500 m2 of area subject to the equivalent account of the whole building, as well as non-residential buildings,
d) In permanent or temporary accommodation facilities such as dormitories, wards, guesthouses, dormitories, nursing homes, hotels, pensions, healthcare facilities with beds with a total number of beds of 50 or less,
e) All kinds of manufacturing and industrial facilities, breeding houses, poultry farms, greenhouses and similar structures with an area of less than 3000 m2 subject to the precedent calculation and do not contain any other use,
f) In structures requiring intense security and taking precautions such as penal execution institutions and prisons,
g) In buildings constructed in accordance with the dimensions and standards specified in Article 8 and protected against the dangers listed in paragraph (a) of Article 5,
h) It is not obligatory to make shelters in parking lots, stadiums and similar open and closed sports facilities, worship buildings, wedding, wedding, cinema and theater halls, open and closed market places, warehouse, warehouse, fuel oil and LPG stations. If there is more than one building with the same or different usage decision in a zoning parcel, the shelter calculation is made separately for each building. According to this article, separate shelters can be allocated for each building determined to require shelter, or one or more common shelters can be built in the parcel, provided that it is not less than the size to meet the total need of the buildings that are determined to require shelter.
A single fallout shelter that is large enough to meet the total needs of the buildings requiring shelter can be built in the adjacent parcels, which were included in the scope of collective building with the decision of the implementation zoning plan and where common floor ownership was established. However, in these buildings, the property ownership cannot be spoiled and a new building license cannot be issued unless the shelter is examined and the place of shelter is determined and allocated within the scope of this Regulation in each parcel. The general rules regarding whether or not to seek shelter in the agricultural, livestock, manufacturing and industrial facilities with an area of 3000 m2 and above that are subject to precedent calculation, the location of the province, the characteristics of the region and the strategic importance of the facilities in terms of the country and the region will be decided by the Provincial Administrative Boards. taken and a copy of the decision is sent to the relevant administrations for implementation. “ARTICLE 4 – Article 8 of the same Regulation has been amended as follows. “ARTICLE 8 – The following issues are followed in the construction of fallout shelters from private shelters.
a) Size: At least one net square meter of shelter is allocated per person. Wc, shower and kitchen niche to be built in the shelters are not included in this area.
The number of people is considered for each independent section as two in one-room residences, three in two-bedroom residences, and four in residences with three or more rooms. In permanent or temporary accommodation facilities such as dormitories, wards, guesthouses, dormitories, nursing homes, hotels, pensions and inpatient health facilities, it is found by increasing the number of beds determined in the approved architectural project by twenty percent. In other buildings and facilities or in independent sections or spaces that do not include residences and permanent or temporary accommodation, the number of persons is the result of dividing the area subject to the equivalent by 20. In buildings where different uses are together, the shelter calculation of each independent section or space with different uses is made separately. As a result of the collection of shelter areas required by independent sections or spaces, the necessary shelter area is found for the whole building.
Workshops, sports, conference, show and exhibition halls, which are among the areas subject to reference, are not taken into account in the calculation of the number of persons subject to shelter account in education facilities.
Shelter account for the production or function related structures, departments or units of agricultural and livestock facilities such as fattening houses, poultry farms, greenhouses and all kinds of manufacturing and industrial facilities, according to the maximum number of personnel who will work simultaneously in one shift makes.
The shelter area cannot be determined under a net nine square meters except for the wc, shower and kitchen niche.
In the fallout shelters, a separate WC and lavatory place is reserved for each hundred people, male and female.
If the remaining fraction is more than fifty, a separate WC and washbasin place for men and women are added.
If the fraction is less than 50, no addition is made.
In the calculation of the number of people, the architectural project attached to the building license is taken as basis. However, the number of people is determined according to the plan decision in the facilities where the number of beds is determined by the approved implementation development plan. Matters related to shelters, including the number of people, the size and other information about the walls and ceiling floors of the shelter outside the building, must be shown in the architectural and mechanical installation projects.
The inner height of the shelters cannot be less than 2.40 meters.
b) Thickness of the outer wall of the building surrounding the shelter: The thickness of the wall and ceiling floor covering outside the building of the shelter is at least 60 cm. concrete.
75cm. brick or stone or 90cm. must be of compacted soil. These materials can be used alone or they can be used together considering the ratio of these measures to each other in terms of radiation permeability. In addition, building materials other than these can be used together or alone by calculating their dimensions by considering their permeability and protection coefficients against radioactive fallout. The thickness of the outer walls of the shelter, which is completely under the ground and at least 60 cm of earth fill with the external open environment, is determined according to static calculations. The same is applied in shelters to be built in the garden.
c) Entry place: The entrance of the shelter should have an iron door and at least one right angle turn.
In shelters with a net area of more than 100 square meters, excluding wc, shower and kitchen niche, two exits must be provided.
d) Ventilation: Regardless of the type of shelter, mechanical ventilation is required.
The air taken from outside during protection times is passed through the filtering system such as nuclear type hepa filter, sandbox, and given into the shelter to be attached in case of threat.
In times of peace, the air taken from outside is only passed through a G4 type coarse filter and given into the shelter.
For shelter ventilation, the required air flows for one person are taken in the protection times given in the table below.
The following capacity values are minimum values and can be used in any additional measure design to increase air quality.
Shelter Capacity
Protection Ventilation (per person per hour, m³ / hour)
High Fire Hazard
Low and Medium Fire Hazard
Up to 0-50 people
1.8 m³ / hour
Sand filter, G4 dust filter, active carbon filter
G4 dust filter, radioactive filter and active carbon filter
Up to 51-150 people
3 m³ / hour
Sand filter, G4 dust filter, active carbon filter
G4 dust filter, radioactive filter and active carbon filter
The channel design, the number of culverts and their placement are arranged by the mechanical installation project owner. This arrangement is made in accordance with the standards of TS 3419 “Ventilation and Air Conditioning Facilities-Projecting Rules” and TS 3420 “Ventilation and Air Conditioning Facilities Placement Rules” standards.
The energy requirement of the shelter ventilation fan should be met by a generator with a capacity suitable for the fan electric motor, and an area outside the shelter area for the generator should be designed as an engine room. Generator exhaust should be given directly to the outside. In cases where the generator is out of order, the energy need should be met with the help of a rotating arm working with manpower connected to the fan.
d) Hygiene measures: The shelter should be designed to ensure that the accumulated garbage and other wastes can be easily removed, closets should be used instead of toilet stones and, if possible, additional measures should be taken against radioactive leakage and the waste water drain should be connected to the sewerage. In the shelters, in cases where the waste water drain is directly connected to the sewage, a return valve should be applied to prevent backlash.
e) Standards: All standards and other legislation prepared by the Turkish Standards Institute are complied with in fallout shelters, including the standards for the disabled, not less than the measures in this Regulation. ”
ARTICLE 5 – The first and fourth paragraphs of Article 12 of the same Regulation have been amended as follows. “Shelter areas established in buildings with occupancy permits are registered by the local authority within five working days from the submission of the documents listed in the first paragraph of Article 14.” “The inspections of shelters that are established and used in buildings for which occupancy permits are obtained are carried out by the relevant administrations under the responsibility of the local authority.

ARTICLE 6 – Article 13 of the same Regulation has been amended with its title as follows.
“Registration of shelters to the title deed

ARTICLE 13 – Shelters to be built in the lowest basement floors or in the grounded parts of the buildings or in their gardens or above ground or underground are registered to the title deed as the common property of the floor owners. Shelters are among the common areas specified in the Property Ownership Law No. 634 and are managed in this way. Even if these shelters are for the purpose of shelter, they cannot be independently sold, rented, transferred or used outside of their purpose. ” ARTICLE 7 – Article 16 of the same Regulation has been changed as follows. “ARTICLE 16 – The materials to be kept in shelters established according to this Regulation, the duties of the shelter chiefs and the rules regarding how to act in the shelters are determined by the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency. ARTICLE 8 – Article 19 of the same Regulation has been changed as follows. “ARTICLE 19 – In the implementation of this Regulation, the written opinion of the Ministry of Public Works and Settlement and the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency in other issues are taken for the issues of hesitation regarding zoning such as plans, projects, building permits, construction, occupancy permits and floor ownership.”

ARTICLE 9 – Temporary article 2 has been added to the same Regulation.
“PROVISIONAL ARTICLE 2 – In the event that the buildings that have been tendered by public institutions and organizations before 29/9/2010 or whose tender decision, investment decision, tender approval, tender approval certificate has been obtained but the license has not been issued, is notified to the authority issuing the license, the provisions of the legislation on shelters in force at that time applied. “

ARTICLE 10 – Article 22 of the same Regulation has been changed as follows.
“ARTICLE 22 – This Regulation enters into force on the date of its publication.”

ARTICLE 11 – This Regulation takes effect on the date of its publication.

ARTICLE 12 – The provisions of this Regulation are executed by the Minister of Public Works and Settlement.

 

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