Wood Veneer

The material, which was used as massive in the periods before the Industrial Revolution, started to be used as wood composite as a result of the technologies developed after the Industrial Revolution and in recent years, wood composites are mainly used in this field. Wood being a living material means that it is directly affected by what comes from the atmosphere. Today’s technologies have become widespread due to the superior properties they add to wood.
Ultraviolet rays and moisture are two major enemies that shorten the life of paint and wood. Breathable and waterproof micro-porous varnishes increase the use of wood on the facade. Thanks to special additives, such varnishes release the moisture inside the wood, prevent water retention, and protect the surface against mold and stains for years without fading, flaking, cracking. At the same time, its lightness compared to other coating materials reduces its effect on the loads to be transmitted to the building. It has earthquake resistance due to the impact of loads and its nature. It works in harmony with the special heat insulation materials to be added as well as a hot material. Since it is a natural and ventilable material, it also eliminates condensation that may be preserved in its ventilation feature. Easy handling of the material in the manufacturing and application transport processes reduces energy consumption. The fact that I have natural materials makes it easier to harmonize with other materials. However, when applied with interactive details in combination with materials with high moisture content, it may cause cracks.
It is also a good sound insulation material due to its properties. As it is used in places where sound insulation is required, it is used to prevent the absorption of sound on the facade, especially in areas where sound insulation is required, in the transition to the interior. In the projects, you can see that such products are used as decorative pieces by matching with architectural design. We can examine the wood coatings used on the facade in two groups as solid and composite.

Solid Wood Coating
They are materials with certain thickness and dimensions obtained by cutting wood.
As the massive material expands and contracts due to moisture, it is produced in controllable sizes.
In order to apply these materials, a grid is first created on the wall perpendicular to the coating direction.
Since one of the biggest problems of wooden material is that it is affected by water and water vapor, the material is supported from the profiles in a waterproof manner.
Another solution to the problem is to apply heat treatment.
For this reason, it is also called Thermally modified timber.
By applying heat treatment to wood between 185 °C and 212 °C;
Subjecting to heat treatment with water vapor without using any chemicals and destroying microorganisms with chemical supports extends its life.
Not only heat treatment, but also the type of the tree has effects on its life and place. In a study on the geometric stability of exterior cladding, it was determined that yellow pine gets wet more easily and dries later than spruce. This result reveals the effect of internal structures of tree species on their physical behavior. We also recommend adding a vapor barrier to the inner surface of the wall where the coating will be applied to prevent condensation effects that may occur in applications. It has also been observed that the performance of the pine tree is better where strength is not required but dimensional stability and water repellency are important.

Composite Wood Coating
When the increase in the use of forest products is balanced with the population increase, the danger of extinction has revealed the composite wood coating products. Composite materials are more preferred materials as exterior cladding. One of the most important reasons for this is that these materials have the possibility to be produced in larger sizes and therefore the joints with the risk of water penetration are reduced. Wood composites used as facade cladding are panels formed by pressing melamine-based resin-impregnated decorative paper under high pressure (100kg / cm²) and high temperature (150 °C). Thickness can be produced between 2 mm and 40 mm. Generally, 6 – 8 – 10 mm thickness is applied on the facade coatings. Decorative paper + melamine resin Decorative paper + melamine resin Resistant to tension, impacts, UV rays, acid rain and harsh weather conditions. It is on the agenda to produce non-flammable and non-flammable panels to adapt to fire regulations. Due to its low specific weight, it can be easily processed and can be connected with elements such as screws, rivets, bolts and adhering on the carrier system with the help of special mastics provides ease of application. One of the most important problems with composite materials is that formaldehyde and volatile gas emissions of these materials are high. The fact that these values are above the determined standards creates a problem for health.
In composite products in recent years, strength and variety of strength are given by laminating natural wood on aluminum profile. Together with the insulation layer of wood composite panels, it also prevents heat escape and heat entry from the effects of air. In addition, condensation that may occur on the insulation material due to the effect of water vapor or rain water is prevented. Although today’s usage is commonly used in composite form, it is seen that small-sized materials in massive form are still used in coating by subjecting them to chemical conditioning. However, it is understood that the outdoor wood coating materials maintain their importance in this area of use. The fact that some of the undesirable properties of wood can be minimized with some precautions and that it is an environmentally friendly material has a great contribution in this. It is desirable to increase the use of wood as a structural element other than the coating material, and it is important in terms of leaving a better environment for future generations.

 

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